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Northeast Coast Campaign (1745)
The Northeast Coast Campaign (1745) occurred during King George's War from 19 July until 5 September 1745. Three weeks after the British Siege of Louisbourg (1745), the Wabanaki Confederacy of Acadia retaliated by attacking New England settlements along the coast of present-day Maine below the Kennebec River, the former border of Acadia. They attacked English settlements on the coast of present-day Maine between Berwick and St. Georges (Thomaston, Maine), within two months there were 11 raids - every town on the frontier had been attacked.〔Williamson, p. 240〕 Casco (also known as Falmouth and Portland) was the principal settlement.
==Background==
(詳細はtwo attacks on Annapolis Royal in 1744, Governor William Shirley put a bounty on the Passamaquoddy, Mi’kmaq and Maliseet on Oct 20.〔Williamson, p. 217-218〕 The following year, during the Campaign, on August 23, 1745, Shirley declared war against the rest of the Wabanaki Confederacy – the Penobscot and Kennebec tribes.〔
In response to the New England expedition against Louisbourg which finished in June 1745, the Wabanaki retaliated by attacking the New England border.〔 New England braced itself for such an attack by appointing a provisional force of 450 to defend the frontier. After the attacks began they increased the number of soldiers by 175 men.〔 Massachusetts established forts along the border with Acadia: Fort George at Brunswick (1715),〔Fort George replaced Fort Andros which was built during King William's War (1688).〕 St. George's Fort at Thomaston (1720), and Fort Richmond (1721) at Richmond.〔''The history of the state of Maine: from its first discovery, A.D ..., Volume 2'', by William Durkee Williamson. 1832. p.88, 97.〕 Fort Frederick was established at Pemaquid (Bristol, Maine).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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